History of Educational l nitiatives in Kerala
Educational expansion in Kerala has a long history and it is unique in many respects. Educational initiatives of both the public and the private agencies during the last two centuries not only made the state the most literate one but also placed the state well ahead in gender and spatial equity'. How could Kerala, one of the lowest rated states in terms of per capita income attain such a position? What were the historical, sociological and institutional factors that led to the emergence of educational institutions in Kerala? What were the objectives and functions of education in its initial phase and how far it changed in the present educational scenario? An attempt is made in this chapter to examine the above questions by reviewing the government and private initiatives in education during the last two centuries in Kerala. This is being examined under two headings: educational initiatives (1 ) during the pre-independence and (2) the post-independence period.
Educational expansion in Kerala has a long history and it is unique in many respects. Educational initiatives of both the public and the private agencies during the last two centuries not only made the state the most literate one but also placed the state well ahead in gender and spatial equity'. How could Kerala, one of the lowest rated states in terms of per capita income attain such a position? What were the historical, sociological and institutional factors that led to the emergence of educational institutions in Kerala? What were the objectives and functions of education in its initial phase and how far it changed in the present educational scenario? An attempt is made in this chapter to examine the above questions by reviewing the government and private initiatives in education during the last two centuries in Kerala. This is being examined under two headings: educational initiatives (1 ) during the pre-independence and (2) the post-independence period.
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